Sustainability Pathway Assessment of East China Power Grid Toward 2030 Carbon-Peaking Targets Using AHP-Entropy and TOPSIS

Translating global Sustainable Development Goals into regional grid planning requires frameworks balancing sustainability targets with local operational constraints. This paper develops a locally adapted SDG assessment methodology for East China Power Grid integrating historical-panel normalization, composite weighting, and dual evaluation. A five-dimensional indicator system operationalizes SDG7 and SDG13 into grid-level metrics-renewable absorption, carbon intensity, energy efficiency, supply reliability, and economic sustainability-normalized against decade-long operational data (2014-2023). Composite weighting synthesizes AHP-derived policy priorities with entropy weights from historical panels, avoiding instability of scenario-only calculations. Three policy scenarios toward 2030 carbon targets are evaluated through Sustainable Development Index for absolute performance and TOPSIS for relative ranking. Results show the high-renewable scenario achieves superior overall sustainability despite economic efficiency trade-offs, with sensitivity analysis confirming ranking robustness across substantial weight variations. The framework provides empirically grounded decision support for regional grid sustainability planning under decarbonization constraints.