TY - JOUR
T1 - Study on the novel flat heat pipe-based battery thermal management system for cylindrical Li-ion batteries
AU - Li, Weifeng
AU - Xie, Yi
AU - Zhang, Yihao
AU - Qian, Yuping
AU - Dan, Dan
AU - Zhang, Yangjun
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2025 Elsevier Masson SAS
PY - 2025/9
Y1 - 2025/9
N2 - The battery thermal management system (BTMS) is essential for ensuring the safety and reliability of power systems. The rapid advancement of transportation electrification and urban air mobility (UAM) has introduced high discharge rates and fast-charging scenarios, presenting significant challenges to conventional BTMSs. In this study, a novel flat heat pipe-based BTMS (FHP-BTMS) was developed for 21,700 cylindrical lithium-ion batteries. A dynamic electro-thermal model was established using thermal network modeling (TNM) and was experimentally validated with an error of 4.69 %. The effects of various FHP design parameters on thermal performance were analyzed, followed by a sensitivity analysis. Optimal ranges for the relative contact area and the evaporation-to-condensation length ratio were identified. Subsequently, the thermal performance of the FHP-BTMS under different operating conditions was evaluated. Under 2C discharge, the FHP with air cooling maintained the battery temperature at 46.94 °C, reducing the temperature rise by 2.99 °C and improving temperature uniformity by 73.73 %, compared to direct air cooling with the same thermal management power consumption. Under vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) conditions for flying cars, the FHP with air cooling could extended the mission profile to a VTOL altitude of 500 m and a range of 80 km.
AB - The battery thermal management system (BTMS) is essential for ensuring the safety and reliability of power systems. The rapid advancement of transportation electrification and urban air mobility (UAM) has introduced high discharge rates and fast-charging scenarios, presenting significant challenges to conventional BTMSs. In this study, a novel flat heat pipe-based BTMS (FHP-BTMS) was developed for 21,700 cylindrical lithium-ion batteries. A dynamic electro-thermal model was established using thermal network modeling (TNM) and was experimentally validated with an error of 4.69 %. The effects of various FHP design parameters on thermal performance were analyzed, followed by a sensitivity analysis. Optimal ranges for the relative contact area and the evaporation-to-condensation length ratio were identified. Subsequently, the thermal performance of the FHP-BTMS under different operating conditions was evaluated. Under 2C discharge, the FHP with air cooling maintained the battery temperature at 46.94 °C, reducing the temperature rise by 2.99 °C and improving temperature uniformity by 73.73 %, compared to direct air cooling with the same thermal management power consumption. Under vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) conditions for flying cars, the FHP with air cooling could extended the mission profile to a VTOL altitude of 500 m and a range of 80 km.
KW - Flat heat pipe
KW - Lithium-ion battery
KW - Temperature performance
KW - Thermal management
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=105005844288&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.109997
DO - 10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2025.109997
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:105005844288
SN - 1290-0729
VL - 215
JO - International Journal of Thermal Sciences
JF - International Journal of Thermal Sciences
M1 - 109997
ER -
