Study on the Extraction of Key Thermophysical Parameters and the Establishment of Simulation Models for Thermoelectric Coolers

As the demand for heat dissipation in electronic devices continues to increase, Thermoelectric Coolers (TECs) have significant application potential. Due to the differences between the theoretical properties of materials and their actual properties in practical applications, accurate parameter extraction is crucial for improving thermal simulations. This study employs a steady-state method to design experiments for extracting the thermoelectric parameters of TECs. Three model identification methods are compared for extracting parameters such as the Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity. The results show that the BR method provides the most accurate parameter extraction, with a steady-state equation calculation error of less than 1.379%. The extracted parameters were validated for their accuracy under both steady-state and transient conditions through experiments and three-dimensional numerical analysis models established in COMSOL simulation software. The simulation model results with parameters extracted using the method in this paper show an error of less than 2.06%, and transient simulation results also accurately reflect the thermoelectric cooling characteristics. This research contributes to the design of TECs with higher Coefficient of Performance (COP), addressing overheating issues and reducing energy consumption in electronic devices.