Shock-induced high-concentration nitrogen doping of titania

High-concentration nitrogen-doped titania is obtained by detonation-driven flyer impacting on mixtures of TiO₂ and different nitrogen precursors. XRD, IR, and XPS spectra are employed to characterize the phase composition, surface absorption, and N-doping concentration of recovered samples. The N-doping concentration is affected by doping nitrogen resources, initial content of doping nitrogen resources, and flyer velocity. A high nitrogen concentration of 13.6 at.% is achieved by shock loading of the mixture of P25 TiO₂ and 10 wt.% dicyandiamide (C₂N ₄H₄) at 3.37 km/s. A possible shock doping mechanism is discussed.