Security-reliability tradeoff analysis for cooperative NOMA in cognitive radio networks

This paper develops a tractable analysis framework to evaluate the reliability and security performance of cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (co-NOMA) in cognitive networks, where both a primary base station (PBS) and a NOMA-strong primary user (PU) send confidential messages to multiple uniformly distributed PUs in the presence of randomly located external eavesdroppers. For constricting the interference to the PUs imposed by cognitive femto base stations (CFBSs), a mobile association scheme is introduced. Moreover, an eavesdropper-exclusion zone is introduced around the PBS for improving the secrecy performance of the primary networks. To characterize the security-reliability tradeoff of the considered network, we first derive the activation probability of CFBSs and the conditional probability density function associated with the distance between the relay user and other PUs. Then, the connection outage probability (COP) and the secrecy outage probability (SOP) of each PU with NOMA (co-NOMA) or non-cooperative NOMA (nco-NOMA) are separately derived to obtain the overall COP and SOP in the primary networks. Finally, the tradeoff between COP and SOP with co-NOMA (identified as transmission SOP) is investigated for simultaneously reflecting the security and reliability. Numerical results demonstrate the performance improvements of the proposed co-NOMA scheme in comparison to that of the nco-NOMA scheme in terms of different parameters. Furthermore, the security-reliability tradeoff performance of co-NOMA is shown.