Satellite-to-Ground Terahertz Channel Modeling

This paper develops a dynamic channel model for terahertz (THz) satellite-to-ground channels by integrating Low-Earth-Orbit (LEO) satellite orbital dynamics with a multilayer atmospheric absorption framework. A total path loss model is established using the Friis transmission equation and ITU-R P. 676 recommendations. Simulations are conducted for high-altitude regions to evaluate link performance under realistic atmospheric conditions. The results reveal that such environments offer significantly reduced attenuation and strong spectral efficiency, confirming their potential for supporting high-capacity, low-latency THz channels in future 6G non-terrestrial networks.