Retraction notice to “Investigation on the evolution of hydrothermal biochar”[Chemosphere 307 (2022) 135774](S0045653522022676)(10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135774)

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies/article-withdrawal).<This article has been retracted at the request of the Editors-in-Chief. A journal-wide investigation by Elsevier's Research Integrity & Publishing Ethics team identified violations of the journal's policies on authorship and conflict of interest related to the submission and review of this paper. Multiple authorship changes were made during the revision of this paper; two authors were removed and the authors Hamdy Khamees Thabet, Salah M. El-Bahy, Mohamed M. Ibrahim were added to the revised paper without validation or authorisation. In addition, review of this submission was handled by Guest Editor Kuan Shiong Khoo despite an extensive record of collaboration, including co-publication, with one of the paper co-authors (Pau Loke Show). This compromised the editorial process and breached the journal's policies. The authors disagree with this retraction and dispute the grounds for it.>