Research progress on carbonic anhydrase immobilization

In recent years, the application of carbonic anhydrase (CA) in CO₂ capture has attracted great interest. However, as most other enzymes, on one hand, free CA has poor stability and the activity is susceptible to a variety of environmental factors, on the other hand, it is expensive and not easy to recycle. Therefore, it is necessary to immobilize CA for economic reason. This paper summarized the research progress on CA immobilization in the past decade. The type of the carrier was classified into four types: polymer, inorganic matrix, polymer-inorganic composite, nanometer materials, and the source of enzyme, immobilization method, support material, enzyme activity, reaction kinetic parameters and the stability of enzyme immobilized on each type of carrier have been summarized and listed. Research progress on the application of immobilized CA in reactor has been reviewed. At last, the advantages and disadvantages of all kinds of supporting materials were pointed out and the existing problems and future research direction of CA immobilization were presented.