Research progress of laser-induced graphene technology

In recent yearsporous graphene nanomaterials have attracted significant attention owing to their unique physical and chemical properties as well as their numerous potential applications in the fields of biologymaterials energyand information technology. Howeverthe synthesis of porous graphene usually requires high-Temperature treatment or multistep chemical synthesis methodsmaking the processcomplicated. It is also challenging to form a patterned structure. In 2014American researchers proposed laser-induced grapheneLIGtechnology to achieve low-cost patterned porous graphene structures. LIG technology is a method that prepares three-dimensional porous graphene material by direct laser writing on a carbon precursor material using a laser in an ordinary atmospheric environment. This technologycombines the preparation and patterning progress of three-dimensional graphene. It does not require traditional wet chemical stepsthus reducing the cost of production. Since its adventLIG has stimulated researcher s interest. Researchers have explored the LIG formation mechanism and its applications in various fields such as energy sensing and environment. This study summarizes LIG s various synthesis schemes including controlling the LIG product qualitysurface properties electrical conductivity and methods for converting different carbon precursors to LIG. Based on the characteristics of LIG the application of LIG in supercapacitors sensors self-cleaning filters triboelectric nanogenerators and terahertz modulation devices has been investigated in recent years. Finally this study prospects the development of LIG-based absorbing materials and metasurfaces.