Research on the impact of resident behavior on energy consumption during the heating period of ultra-low energy buildings

Although ultra-low energy buildings offer significant advantages in reducing energy demand and achieving carbon emission reduction goals, existing research often overlooks the critical impact of occupant behavior on actual energy performance during the heating season. This study aims to fill this research gap by focusing on two key behavioral factors: the operational status of the fresh air ventilation system and the indoor temperature setting level. Based on empirical data collected from a certified ultra-low energy residential community in China, an energy consumption prediction model was developed using controlled experiments and multiple regression analysis. The findings indicate that higher indoor temperature settings are positively correlated with increased energy use, while continuous ventilation operation results in an average consumption increase of 0.684 kWh/h. Scenario simulations further demonstrate that buildings in southern regions exhibit greater energy-saving potential due to milder climatic conditions. The study recommends an intermittent ventilation strategy for northern regions and prioritizes the promotion of ultra-low energy buildings in southern China, thereby providing a theoretical basis for behavior-informed energy policy formulation.