Research on fault characteristics and signal transfer path mechanism of the gear transmission system

The structure of the gear transmission system is complex, the working conditions are changeable, and the system fault forms are various, which leads to the difficulty of diagnosis, identification and location of typical faults. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out research on the fault characteristics and path transmission mechanism of the gear transmission system. In this paper, various fault models for key components, including gears, splines, and bearings, are established. The research then proceeds to analyze the mapping law of typical fault characteristics in the frequency domain. Subsequently, the Operational Transfer Path Analysis (OTPA) method is employed to construct the transfer rate matrix for the gear system. Furthermore, the OTPA model is refined through the use of singular value decomposition (SVD) and principal component analysis (PCA). Ultimately, the fault signal transmission paths are examined within a specific system, and the contribution of different frequency bands for each path is calculated. By sequencing these contributions, the dominant transfer path for fault signal transfer is identified. Additionally, an evaluation mechanism for the transfer path is established, providing theoretical guidance for the arrangement of the surface of a typical fault-sensitive measurement point system. This research strongly supports the ongoing investigation into fault diagnosis, operation, and maintenance of gear transmission systems.