Research on Beam Maintenance Time in Directional Antenna Beam Scanning

In the development of modern communication systems, directional antennas have been introduced to achieve stronger radiation power, higher communication quality, and enhanced anti-interference capabilities. To address the neighbor discovery problem in directional antenna systems, beam scanning algorithms are required to establish links between nodes. The efficiency of such algorithms hinges on how to complete beam alignment between two nodes with high probability within a short time. This paper addresses this issue by establishing a mathematical model for directional antenna beam scanning, conducting theoretical derivations, and providing optimization recommendations. Based on these recommendations, four beam dwell time configuration schemes for phased-array systems are proposed. Through controlled-variable simulations, the correctness of the theoretical conclusions is verified, and the advantages and disadvantages of each scheme are compared, leading to definitive conclusions on setting beam dwell times in directional antenna beam scanning algorithms.