Radar Waveform Design Based on Multi-Pulse Joint Frequency and Phase Optimization

Existing frequency-phase hybrid modulated waveforms often suffer from limited sidelobe performance in their ambiguity function due to constraints on bandwidth and pulse duration, making it difficult to meet radar detection requirements in complex electromagnetic environments. To address this issue, this paper proposes a joint frequency-phase modulated waveform design method that operates across multiple pulses. This method introduces an additional degree of freedom in the slow-time dimension on the basis of intra-pulse frequency coding and phase coding, and establishes a corresponding theoretical model for the ambiguity function. By combining simulated annealing and greedy strategies, a stepwise optimization of frequency and phase is performed, effectively reducing the Average Integrated Sidelobe Level (AISL) of the signal ambiguity function under given constraints. Simulation results show that, under the same bandwidth and pulse width conditions, the optimized waveform achieves a significant reduction in AISL. Compared to existing Discrete Frequency Coding Waveforms (DFCW) and FrequencyShift Keying Phase-Shift Keying (FSK-PSK) signals, the AISL is reduced by approximately 12.81 dB and 6.02 dB, respectively. These results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.