Privacy and security trade-off in interconnected systems with known or unknown privacy noise covariance

Haojun Wang, Kun Liu*, Baojia Li, Emilia Fridman, Yuanqing Xia

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the security problem for interconnected systems, where each subsystem is required to detect local attacks. Moreover, we consider that there exists an additional eavesdropper being able to infer the private information. Then, a privacy-preserving method is employed by adding privacy noise to transmitted data, and the privacy level is measured by mutual information. Nevertheless, adding privacy noise to transmitted data may affect the detection performance metrics such as detection probability and false alarm probability. Thus, we theoretically analyze the trade-off between the privacy and the detection performance. An optimization problem with maximizing both the degree of privacy preservation and the detection probability is established to obtain the covariance of the privacy noise. In addition, the attack detector of each subsystem may not obtain all information about the privacy noise. We further theoretically analyze the trade-off between the privacy and the false alarm probability when the attack detector has no knowledge of the privacy noise covariance. An optimization problem with maximizing the degree of privacy preservation with guaranteeing a bound of false alarm distortion level is established to obtain the covariance of the privacy noise. Moreover, we consider that each subsystem can estimate the unknown privacy noise covariance by the secondary data. Based on the estimated covariance, we construct another attack detector and analyze how the privacy noise affects its detection performance. Finally, a numerical example is provided to verify the effectiveness of theoretical results.

Original languageEnglish
Article number112071
JournalAutomatica
Volume173
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Mar 2025

Keywords

  • Attack detection
  • Interconnected systems
  • Privacy preservation
  • Trade-off

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