Polyurethane/Poly(n-butyl methacrylate) Interpenetrating Polymer Networks with Enhanced Damping and Environmental Adaptability across Ultra-Wide Temperatures

This study presents a polyurethane/poly(n-butyl methacrylate) interpenetrating polymer network (PU/PBMA IPN) system that addresses the persistent challenges of inadequate damping performance and poor environmental adaptability in conventional damping materials. By leveraging the forced compatibility inherent in interpenetrating networks and the synergistic hydrogen-bonding interactions both within PU chains and at PU/PBMA interfaces, the resulting material exhibits exceptional damping performance (tan δ = 1.37), an ultrawide effective damping temperature range (ΔT = 140 °C for tan δ ≥ 0.3), and excellent environmental adaptability. Furthermore, it demonstrates broadband damping behavior and outstanding vibration isolation capability, as evidenced by a low rebound ratio of 14.7% and a short secondary rebound time of 0.14 s. Overall, this study significantly enhances both the damping factor and the effective damping temperature range of PU-based IPNs, offering a viable design strategy for advanced damping materials capable of dissipating vibration energy across wide temperature and frequency ranges under extreme environmental conditions.