Photoluminescence of Monolayer WSe₂ Enhanced by the Exciton Funnel Effect and the Interfacial Carrier Tunneling Effect When Integrated with 3D Si Wrinkled Structures

Quantum optics and photonic quantum-information technologies require emitters that have good stability and brightness, coupled with fabrication scalability and on-chip integrability. Most quantized emitters are presently based on 1D and 3D sources. Recently, monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) hosting spatially localized excitons with narrow linewidths have garnered great interest. Advantages such as large binding energies and long room-temperature lifetimes of intralayer excitons suggest that TMDCs are promising candidates for use in optical devices. Here, we propose an emitter based on a 2D WSe₂ semiconductor monolayer integrated with a periodic 3D Si-based wrinkled pattern. Carriers confined within the wrinkled pattern can be electrically and optically pumped, and funneled, to boost emission from the 2D WSe₂ layer. This in turn acts as a monochromated quantum light source for the Si or any Si-based quantum optic and photonic information technologies. The brightness of the emission is enhanced by a factor greater than 40 compared with monolayer WSe₂ on conventional flat SiGe. Moreover, these monolayer 2D/3D semiconductor composite heterostructures are fully scalable and promisingly efficient chip-integrated emitters.