Micro-Doppler Feature Extraction of Vibrating and Rotating Targets Based on 2-D Fourier Transform

The time-frequency signatures of rotating and vibrating targets due to micro-Doppler effect often deteriorated caused by occlusion, multi-trajectory overlap, and low signal-to-noise ratios. In recent years, graphical and parametric methods for parameter extraction have gained prominence, reducing intermediate information loss and thereby exhibiting enhanced adaptability and robustness. In this article, we propose a novel graphical method for extracting sinusoidal patterns based on two-dimensional (2-D) Fourier transformation, which is self-adaptive and has greater robustness without any filter or filtering algorithm. Several computer simulations and in-lab experiments are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The potential of this method in distinguishing different frequency vibrations, varying amplitude vibrations, and analyzing low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) signals was validated.