Intelligent Planning Method for Femoral Tunnel Placement in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery

To address the challenges in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery-such as the high precision required for femoral tunnel positioning, lack of standardized procedures, and the time-consuming nature of preoperative planning-an intelligent femoral tunnel planning method based on CT imaging is proposed. This approach integrates techniques from 3D segmentation and reconstruction of knee joint CT images based on 3D U-Net and prior knowledge, with tunnel planning guided by the quadrant method and ratio analysis, aiming to improve the accuracy and standardization of both intra-articular and extra-articular femoral tunnel orifice localization. The proposed method was assessed through human-machine comparison and physical model validation. Experimental results demonstrate that the automated approach attains positioning accuracy comparable to that of expert manual operation, while offering faster speed and greater consistency.