Insights into security and privacy issues in smart healthcare systems based on medical images

The advent of the fourth industrial revolution along with developments in other emerging technologies, such as Internet of Things, big data, artificial intelligence as well as cloud and quantum computing, smart healthcare systems (SHS) are becoming ubiquitous in our daily lives. Meanwhile, patients, doctors, and other medical personnel rely on the safe and efficient storage, transmission, and analysis of medical images and electronic health records for successful diagnosis, treatment, and management of different ailments. Moreover since, for various reasons, medical images are always the target of different illicit criminal activities, studies to utilise advanced information technologies to safeguard the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of such data have become a major priority in all SHS platforms. Our study evaluates recent efforts to deploy emerging technologies to design, secure, and enhance the efficiency of SHS that are based on medical images. It is hoped that this work will stimulate further interest aimed at the pursuit of more advanced algorithms and frameworks covering all aspects of security and privacy in emerging and future smart healthcare applications.