Influence of agglomeration, interphase, waviness, and network features on the dynamic characteristics of nanocomposites

In this study, the combined effects of network formation, waviness, interphase characteristics, and agglomeration on the dynamic behavior of nanocomposites are investigated within a unified theoretical framework. Unlike most existing studies that address these mechanisms separately, the present work models all key microstructural effects simultaneously. For selected parameters, two different modeling approaches are employed to capture their distinct physical contributions and comparative advantages. Based on strain gradient theory (SGT), comprehensive governing formulations are developed for the dynamic analysis of rectangular and circular nanocomposite structures. These formulations are then coupled with the proposed micromechanical models to accurately estimate the effective material properties and dynamic responses. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the integration of multiple microstructural mechanisms within an SGT-based dynamic framework has not been previously reported. Furthermore, the theoretical predictions are assessed through comparison with available reference data for wave propagation in isotropic structures, which serves to verify the accuracy of the underlying numerical framework. It should be noted that this comparison is intended to validate the computational approach rather than to provide direct experimental validation of the proposed nanocomposite micromechanical models. The results provide new insights into the multiscale dynamic behavior of nanocomposites and establish a reliable platform for future theoretical and experimental investigations.