Identification of array signal parameters based on matrix decomposition

We study parameter identification of uniform linear array signals in this work. The received signal matrix is uniquely decomposed under the Vandermonde structure constrains. Parameters of the signal received from uniform linear antennae (ULA) are then identified by exploiting the permutation lemma. The result is extended to the case of dependent sources and multipath transmission by exploiting the property of Khatri-Rao product structure. The matrix-decomposition-based identification results of array signal parameters provide a necessary condition for the effectiveness of parameter estimation algorithms. They are independent of specific parameter estimation algorithm, but only depend on the structure property of array manifold and signals.