Growth, structure, and magnetocaloric effect of Ce2X3(NO3)12·24H2O (X=Cu, Co) crystals

Changkun Wang; Zuhua Chen; Jun Shen; Yong Chang Lau; Heng Tu; Changmin Xiong

doi:10.1016/j.cryogenics.2026.104442

Growth, structure, and magnetocaloric effect of Ce₂X₃(NO₃)₁₂·24H₂O (X=Cu, Co) crystals

Changkun Wang
, Zuhua Chen
, Jun Shen
, Yong Chang Lau
, Heng Tu^*
, Changmin Xiong^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Beijing Normal University
CAS - Institute of Physics
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
CAS - Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Single crystals of Ce₂X₃(NO₃)₁₂·24H₂O (X=Cu, Co, CXN) were successfully synthesized, all crystallizing in the trigonal space group R¯3. Under a magnetic field variation of 0-9 T at 2 K, Ce₂Cu₃(NO₃)₁₂·24H₂O and Ce₂Co₃(NO₃)₁₂·24H₂O exhibit large magnetic entropy changes of 15.18 J·kg^-1·K^-1 and 16.19 J·kg^-1·K^-1, respectively. Notably, the magnetic entropy changes of these novel crystals significantly exceed that of Ce₂Mg₃(NO₃)₁₂·24H₂O (CMN), which is only 6.33 J·kg^-1·K^-1 under identical conditions. Meanwhile, the refrigerant capacity (RC), constrained-range equivalent refrigerant capacity product (RCP) and temperature-averaged entropy change (TEC) of CXN are also comprehensively superior to those of CMN. These performances suggest that CXN are promising candidates for ultra-low temperature magnetic refrigeration applications.

Original language	English
Article number	104442
Journal	Cryogenics
Volume	162
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cryogenics.2026.104442
Publication status	Published - Oct 2026
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Magnetic refrigeration materials
Magnetocaloric effect
Ultra-low temperature

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10.1016/j.cryogenics.2026.104442

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@article{87c6362f3cf3417490c017a15c6c28fe,

title = "Growth, structure, and magnetocaloric effect of Ce2X3(NO3)12·24H2O (X=Cu, Co) crystals",

abstract = "Single crystals of Ce2X3(NO3)12·24H2O (X=Cu, Co, CXN) were successfully synthesized, all crystallizing in the trigonal space group R¯3. Under a magnetic field variation of 0-9 T at 2 K, Ce2Cu3(NO3)12·24H2O and Ce2Co3(NO3)12·24H2O exhibit large magnetic entropy changes of 15.18 J·kg-1·K-1 and 16.19 J·kg-1·K-1, respectively. Notably, the magnetic entropy changes of these novel crystals significantly exceed that of Ce2Mg3(NO3)12·24H2O (CMN), which is only 6.33 J·kg-1·K-1 under identical conditions. Meanwhile, the refrigerant capacity (RC), constrained-range equivalent refrigerant capacity product (RCP) and temperature-averaged entropy change (TEC) of CXN are also comprehensively superior to those of CMN. These performances suggest that CXN are promising candidates for ultra-low temperature magnetic refrigeration applications.",

keywords = "Magnetic refrigeration materials, Magnetocaloric effect, Ultra-low temperature",

author = "Changkun Wang and Zuhua Chen and Jun Shen and Lau, \{Yong Chang\} and Heng Tu and Changmin Xiong",

note = "Publisher Copyright: Copyright {\textcopyright} 2026. Published by Elsevier Ltd.",

year = "2026",

month = oct,

doi = "10.1016/j.cryogenics.2026.104442",

language = "English",

volume = "162",

journal = "Cryogenics",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Growth, structure, and magnetocaloric effect of Ce2X3(NO3)12·24H2O (X=Cu, Co) crystals

AU - Wang, Changkun

AU - Chen, Zuhua

AU - Shen, Jun

AU - Lau, Yong Chang

AU - Tu, Heng

AU - Xiong, Changmin

PY - 2026/10

Y1 - 2026/10

N2 - Single crystals of Ce2X3(NO3)12·24H2O (X=Cu, Co, CXN) were successfully synthesized, all crystallizing in the trigonal space group R¯3. Under a magnetic field variation of 0-9 T at 2 K, Ce2Cu3(NO3)12·24H2O and Ce2Co3(NO3)12·24H2O exhibit large magnetic entropy changes of 15.18 J·kg-1·K-1 and 16.19 J·kg-1·K-1, respectively. Notably, the magnetic entropy changes of these novel crystals significantly exceed that of Ce2Mg3(NO3)12·24H2O (CMN), which is only 6.33 J·kg-1·K-1 under identical conditions. Meanwhile, the refrigerant capacity (RC), constrained-range equivalent refrigerant capacity product (RCP) and temperature-averaged entropy change (TEC) of CXN are also comprehensively superior to those of CMN. These performances suggest that CXN are promising candidates for ultra-low temperature magnetic refrigeration applications.

AB - Single crystals of Ce2X3(NO3)12·24H2O (X=Cu, Co, CXN) were successfully synthesized, all crystallizing in the trigonal space group R¯3. Under a magnetic field variation of 0-9 T at 2 K, Ce2Cu3(NO3)12·24H2O and Ce2Co3(NO3)12·24H2O exhibit large magnetic entropy changes of 15.18 J·kg-1·K-1 and 16.19 J·kg-1·K-1, respectively. Notably, the magnetic entropy changes of these novel crystals significantly exceed that of Ce2Mg3(NO3)12·24H2O (CMN), which is only 6.33 J·kg-1·K-1 under identical conditions. Meanwhile, the refrigerant capacity (RC), constrained-range equivalent refrigerant capacity product (RCP) and temperature-averaged entropy change (TEC) of CXN are also comprehensively superior to those of CMN. These performances suggest that CXN are promising candidates for ultra-low temperature magnetic refrigeration applications.

KW - Magnetic refrigeration materials

KW - Magnetocaloric effect

KW - Ultra-low temperature

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105046711233

U2 - 10.1016/j.cryogenics.2026.104442

DO - 10.1016/j.cryogenics.2026.104442

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:105046711233

SN - 0011-2275

VL - 162

JO - Cryogenics

JF - Cryogenics

M1 - 104442

ER -

Growth, structure, and magnetocaloric effect of Ce₂X₃(NO₃)₁₂·24H₂O (X=Cu, Co) crystals

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