Global evolution of energy efficiency fostering green growth: knowledge gap, trends, and future prospects. A bibliometric analysis

Energy efficiency plays a pivotal role in sustainable development and has become a key focus of global attention. This research explores the critical contributions of energy efficiency to mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, enhancing energy resilience, and improving economic competitiveness. Using a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of 1,417 publications from the Scopus database, the study examines the multifaceted potential of energy efficiency, highlighting trends, knowledge gaps, and future prospects. The analysis identifies key drivers of sustainable progress, with the article by Gielen D (2019) for Energy Strategy Review standing out, having received 1,245 citations and an average of 311.25 citations per year. Notably, China and the United States are recognized as leading contributors to this field. The journal Energy Policy emerges as a significant source of research, with the highest number of articles (1,394), followed by studies on sustainable development (1,334) and energy efficiency (1,289), each representing around 15% of the total publications. The study uncovers the transformative potential of energy efficiency in fostering positive economic, environmental, and societal changes. However, it also emphasizes the critical roles of research, policy frameworks, and technological innovation in promoting energy efficiency. The study advocates for increased investment in energy-efficient technologies and practices, along with strategic policies to incentivize the adoption of renewable energy. Future research is essential to further advance knowledge in this area and support sustainable development.