TY - JOUR
T1 - Fusogenic Lipid Nanovesicles as Multifunctional Immunomodulatory Platforms for Precision Solid Tumor Therapy
AU - Ou, Xu
AU - Zhou, Jiaxin
AU - Xie, Hai Yan
AU - Nie, Weidong
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.
PY - 2025
Y1 - 2025
N2 - Although immunotherapy demonstrates considerable prospect in overcoming solid tumors, its clinical efficacy is limited by several factors, such as poor tumor immunogenicity, inadequate immune activation, and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). To overcome these challenges, a versatile and universal immune modulation platform should be developed, and lipid nanovesicles with membrane fusion capabilities (LNV-Fs) have attracted great attention for this purpose. By mimicking natural membrane fusion processes, LNV-Fs enable the precise presentation of immunogenic components on tumor cell membranes, effectively activating anti-tumor immune surveillance. Similarly, LNV-Fs can equip multiple functionalities on autologous and adoptive effector cells for enhanced cell therapies. Additionally, LNV-Fs function as vaccines that elicit robust autologous anti-tumor immunity while promoting long-term immune memory. Furthermore, different LNV-Fs with powerful ability in reprogramming TME have been reported. Given the recent advancements and the absence of comprehensive reviews on this topic, a comprehensive analysis of LNV-F systems, including their structural classifications, membrane fusion mechanisms, and recent applications in cancer immunotherapy is provided. Furthermore, the future prospects of LNV-Fs, with particular emphasis on artificial intelligence-assisted design are explored. This review is intended to engage researchers from diverse interdisciplinary fields and provide valuable insights for advancing precision immunotherapy.
AB - Although immunotherapy demonstrates considerable prospect in overcoming solid tumors, its clinical efficacy is limited by several factors, such as poor tumor immunogenicity, inadequate immune activation, and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). To overcome these challenges, a versatile and universal immune modulation platform should be developed, and lipid nanovesicles with membrane fusion capabilities (LNV-Fs) have attracted great attention for this purpose. By mimicking natural membrane fusion processes, LNV-Fs enable the precise presentation of immunogenic components on tumor cell membranes, effectively activating anti-tumor immune surveillance. Similarly, LNV-Fs can equip multiple functionalities on autologous and adoptive effector cells for enhanced cell therapies. Additionally, LNV-Fs function as vaccines that elicit robust autologous anti-tumor immunity while promoting long-term immune memory. Furthermore, different LNV-Fs with powerful ability in reprogramming TME have been reported. Given the recent advancements and the absence of comprehensive reviews on this topic, a comprehensive analysis of LNV-F systems, including their structural classifications, membrane fusion mechanisms, and recent applications in cancer immunotherapy is provided. Furthermore, the future prospects of LNV-Fs, with particular emphasis on artificial intelligence-assisted design are explored. This review is intended to engage researchers from diverse interdisciplinary fields and provide valuable insights for advancing precision immunotherapy.
KW - artificial intelligence
KW - cytoplasmic delivery
KW - immunotherapy
KW - lipid vesicles
KW - membrane fusion
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=105004707738&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/smll.202503134
DO - 10.1002/smll.202503134
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:105004707738
SN - 1613-6810
JO - Small
JF - Small
ER -