TY - GEN
T1 - Finite Element Simulation Study of Human Brain Safety Threshold Under Medium-Speed Collision Load
AU - Chang, Junhui
AU - Wan, Chao
AU - Yu, Hongpeng
AU - Zhao, Jian
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2026.
PY - 2026
Y1 - 2026
N2 - A high-fidelity finite element model of the human head was developed to investigate brain injury under medium-speed impact and to quantify impact conditions related to injury thresholds. The model was reconstructed from MRI data, and the coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian method was used to model the fluid-structure interaction of cerebrospinal fluid. A six-degree-of-freedom stiffness constraint was introduced for the atlantoaxial joint. After validation against the Nahum experiment, intracranial responses under frontal, occipital, vertex, and temporal impacts were compared. A three-factor, three-level response surface method was then applied to the most hazardous impact direction. The model showed good agreement with experimental results. The results showed that occipital impact indicated the greatest injury risk and that impact velocity was the dominant factor affecting injury response. Under m = 4 kg and S = 208 cm2, the critical velocities for 6 kPa von Mises stress, and 18% maximum principal strain were about 1.75 m/s and 4.0 m/s, respectively.
AB - A high-fidelity finite element model of the human head was developed to investigate brain injury under medium-speed impact and to quantify impact conditions related to injury thresholds. The model was reconstructed from MRI data, and the coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian method was used to model the fluid-structure interaction of cerebrospinal fluid. A six-degree-of-freedom stiffness constraint was introduced for the atlantoaxial joint. After validation against the Nahum experiment, intracranial responses under frontal, occipital, vertex, and temporal impacts were compared. A three-factor, three-level response surface method was then applied to the most hazardous impact direction. The model showed good agreement with experimental results. The results showed that occipital impact indicated the greatest injury risk and that impact velocity was the dominant factor affecting injury response. Under m = 4 kg and S = 208 cm2, the critical velocities for 6 kPa von Mises stress, and 18% maximum principal strain were about 1.75 m/s and 4.0 m/s, respectively.
KW - Coupled eulerian-lagrangian method
KW - Finite element model
KW - Head impact biomechanics
KW - Response surface methodology
KW - Safety threshold
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105043979269
U2 - 10.1007/978-981-92-2440-1_35
DO - 10.1007/978-981-92-2440-1_35
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:105043979269
SN - 9789819224395
T3 - Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering
SP - 415
EP - 425
BT - Mechanical Design and Simulation
A2 - Mankovits, Tamás
A2 - Trisovic, Natasa
PB - Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
T2 - 6th International Conference on Mechanical Design and Simulation, MDS 2026
Y2 - 20 March 2026 through 22 March 2026
ER -