Enhancing light-matter interaction in 2D materials by optical micro/nano architectures for high-performance optoelectronic devices

Two-dimensional materials are a promising solution for next-generation electronic and optoelectronic devices due to their unique properties. Owing to the atomic thickness of 2D materials, the light-matter interaction length in 2D materials is much shorter than that in bulk materials, which limits the performance of optoelectronic devices composed of 2D materials. To improve the light-matter interactions, optical micro/nano architectures have been introduced into 2D material optoelectronic devices. In this review, we present a concise introduction and discussion of various strategies for the enhancement of light-matter interaction in 2D materials, namely, the plasmonic effect, waveguide, optical cavity, and reflection architecture. We have outlined the current advances in high-performance 2D material optoelectronic devices (eg, photodetectors, electro-optic modulators, light-emitting diodes, and molecular sensors) assisted by these enhancement strategies. Finally, we have discussed the future challenges and opportunities of micro/nano photonic structure designs in 2D material devices. (Figure presented.).