Energy management strategy considering the total driving cost of fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle

The development of a high-performance energy management strategy is of significant importance for reducing the operational costs of fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles. Current energy management strategies lack the quantification of the cost of energy source degradation and suffer from insufficient global optimality. Therefore, this study first quantifies the driving costs, including energy source degradation, and introduces a hierarchical energy management strategy. Specifically, the upper-level driving condition predictor provides accurate driving condition prediction information, while the lower-level power distribution controller uses the established driving cost to create a reward function. By optimizing the overall driving costs of the vehicle within a broad range of driving conditions, the developed energy management strategy combines good global optimality with high computational efficiency, demonstrating potential for practical applications.