Dynamic analysis of three-point angular contact ball bearing under variable-load conditions

As a critical component in dual-rotor aero-engines, the three-point angular contact ball bearing (TPACBB) with an arch-profiled inner ring offers superior axial load capacity and stiffness under complex flight maneuvers, yet its dynamic behavior under transient loads remains a key concern for both performance and service life. This study investigates the dynamic response of TPACBB under time-varying axial loads. A dynamic model integrating modified Hertzian contact theory and elastohydrodynamic lubrication principles is developed to analyze dynamic responses and transient contact-state transitions among single-, double-, and triple-point contact patterns. Results show that short load-variation periods intensify dynamic shocks and contact force fluctuations, whereas longer periods improve stability. Rotational and orbital speeds exhibit significant response hysteresis, with greater differences between pre- and post-load contact states prolonging recovery time. Loading processes induce stronger fluctuations and faster state transitions compared to unloading. When contact states remain similar before and after load changes, dynamic disturbances are minimal. These findings provide valuable guidance for optimizing performance of TPACBB under transient operating conditions.