DRFL a distributed range-free localization algorithm scheme for wirless sensor networks

It is essential for wireless sensor networks to know the location of the nodes. Due to the limitation of the energy and cost, range-free localization schemes are more suitable to WSN despite the range-based schemes have perfect accuracy. We propose a Distributed Range-Free Localization (DRFL) scheme, which just need the anchors to broadcast their location information, and the blind nodes within one hop range of anchors save the beacons of heard anchors and localize themselves. The DRFL scheme consumes lower communication overhead, and is robust to the network connectivity. In our simulation, the estimation error of location by the DRFL scheme is less than 8% of the communication range of the blind node, when ANR=8, DOI=O and 16 anchors uniformly deployed in the simulative terrain.