Development of Fluorine-Containing Electrolytes for Lithium Batteries

Rechargeable batteries with high power density, better safety, wide operating temperature, and extended lifespans are needed for renewable energy. These batteries must also be produced cheaply using plentiful resources. Fluorine, the most electronegative and reactive halogen, having natural abundance and strong bonds (i.e., C─F and Li─F bonds, making fluorinated constituents inexpensive, nonflammable, and intrinsically stable. Using fluorine chemistry to optimize battery engineering is thought to be a crucial strategy to meet these requirements. Excellent kinetic reactivity allows fluorine-containing electrolyte additions to preferentially create robust SEI and homogeneous electrode-electrolyte interface films, which can significantly enhance the battery electrochemical performance. To improve safety performance, fluorine-containing electrolyte additions might be utilized as flame inhibitors. The incorporation of fluorinated salts, dissolution agents, or functional additives brought significant improvements in batteries based on conventional organic carbonate-based electrolytes. It has been shown that the safety, thermal resilience, and reaction kinetics of rechargeable batteries are greatly impacted by fluorine-containing materials and the interphases of electrode-electrolyte. The investigation of fluorinated salts, polymer matrices, and other fluorinated battery components for lithium batteries (LBs), as well as the recent development in electrochemical performance, interface engineering, and future outlook, are the major subjects covered in this paper.