Development of a handheld mass spectrometer driven by the sinusoidal frequency scanning technique

The rapid chemical identifications are critical when treating poisoning patients in hospitals. Conventional liquid chromatography-MS techniques would consume hours of valuable rescue time, even without considering sample transfer time. A diagnostic device readily available in emergency room would help doctors make quick treatment plan and greatly save rescue time. Over the past two decades, several key technologies have been developed for mass spectrometer miniaturization. As a first attempt, three complementary technologies (discontinuous atmospheric pressure interface, sinusoidal frequency scanning ion trap driving and Faraday detection) were integrated together, which enables the construction of a handheld mass spectrometer. The whole device weights 5.2 kg and could work for 2 h on battery. It has dimensions of 21 by 21.6 by 12.3 cm, which is able to be held by one hand. Different types of ionization sources could be coupled with the mass spectrometer to facilitate different sample analysis. This MS device has mass resolution: up to 900; limit of detection: 0.1 μg/mL. With acceptable analytical performances, this device could potentially be used in field or conventional hospitals for emergency management of poisonings. The capability of detecting drug of abuse and warfare agents/simulants were demonstrated.