Design of a Multi-Parameter Fusion Sensor and System for Respiratory Monitoring of Mechanically Ventilated Patients in the ICU

In order to achieve precise respiratory therapy for mechanically ventilated patients, real-time monitoring of the state parameters of inhaled and exhaled gases is required. These parameters are primarily measured by ventilators, with limitations such as insufficient monitoring parameters, circuit leaks, and constraints imposed by distance and obstacles. This paper designs a low-power wireless sensor for multi-parameter monitoring near the patient, which can be used continuously for approximately 60 days. Based on this sensor, an intelligent respiratory monitoring system with a distributed architecture is proposed to achieve intelligent patient-ventilator asynchrony (PVA) perception. Experimental results show that the system can stably and accurately collect and transmit data, with measurement errors for pressure, flow, temperature, humidity, and CO₂ concentration being ±1.3%, ±2.1%, ±0.6°, ±1% RH, ±0.3 mmHg respectively. The proposed sensor and system have the potential to enhance the efficiency and intelligence of medical care significantly.