Deliquescence and efflorescence processes of aerosol particles studied by in situ FTIR and raman spectroscopy

Deliquescence and efflorescence are the two most important physicochemical processes of aerosol particles. In deliquescence and efflorescence cycles of aerosol particles, many fundamental problems need to be investigated in detail on the molecular level, including ion and molecule interactions in supersaturated aerosols, metastable solid phases that may be formed, and microscopic structures and deliquescence mechanisms of aerosol particles. This paper presents a summary of the progress made in recent investigations of deliquescence and efflorescence processes of aerosol particles by four common spectral techniques, which are known as Raman/electrodynamic balance, Fourier transform infrared/aerosol flow tube, Fourier transform infrared/attenuated total reflection, and confocal Raman on a quartz substrate.