Abstract
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) hold great promise for low-cost energy storage. Despite the major advances made in the material preparation and battery performance, air instability has become a bottleneck for the storage and electrode fabrication of O3-type NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2 (NFM), but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here we discovered that NFM loses Na+ ions during ambient storage and Na2CO3 "fibers"sprout from the particle surface, which caused the performance decay. We further demonstrated a facile resintering strategy to regenerate the NFM in situ. This work highlights the importance of stringent humidity control and provides the basis for designing surface-modification strategies.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 2061-2067 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | ACS Applied Energy Materials |
| Volume | 4 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 22 Mar 2021 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- air instability
- cathode materials
- correlative SEM-Raman
- degradation mechanism
- regeneration
- sodium-ion batteries