Comparing the evolution of crystalline silicon photovoltaic cells: Technological route and National Specialization

There are at least three types of photovoltaic cells derived from raw materials, which have not been differentiated in most of the previous literature. From a global perspective, we focus on a mainstream product in the photovoltaic energy market: crystalline silicon photovoltaic cells (CSiPVCs). This paper delineates the technological developing trend and global geographical distribution of CSiPVCs. Furthermore, the specific technological evolution route is emphasized on a national level. In terms of policy implication in China, and particularly in the context of China's recent predicament in the international PV market, the paper establishes a framework to disclose, in depth, the gap between China and technologically advantageous nations. Policy suggestions for China are proposed as well.