Colossal layer Nernst effect in twisted moiré layers

In this work, we establish a theoretical analysis of the emergence of layer-contrasted Nernst response perpendicular to the direction of the temperature gradient in twisted moiré layers, called layer Nernst effect (LNE). This phenomenon arises from the trigonal warping of the Fermi surface along with a layer-contrasted pseudomagnetic field. Interestingly, the Fermi surface's warping explicitly breaks intravalley inversion symmetry, which leads to an imbalance between left- and right-moving carriers, thus resulting in a nonvanishing LNE. We then validate our theoretical scheme by applying it to twisted bilayer graphene (TBG). Importantly, we find that the LNE coefficient in TBG can reach values as high as 103 A/(m·K), surpassing those of previously known materials by at least one order of magnitude. These results provide a theoretical foundation for utilizing TBG and other twisted moiré layers as promising platforms to explore layer caloritronics and develop thermoelectric devices.