TY - JOUR
T1 - Bioretention for removal of nitrogen
T2 - processes, operational conditions, and strategies for improvement
AU - Zhang, Hongwei
AU - Ahmad, Zulfiqar
AU - Shao, Yalu
AU - Yang, Zhonghua
AU - Jia, Yufei
AU - Zhong, Hua
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH, DE part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2021/3
Y1 - 2021/3
N2 - As one of the low-impact development measures, bioretention plays an important role in reducing the runoff peak flow and minimizing runoff pollutants, such as heavy metals, suspended solids, and nutrients. However, the efficiency of nitrogen removal in the bioretention system is unstable, owing to the different chemical properties of various forms of nitrogen and the limitations of current bioretention system for nitrogen transformation. This review article summarizes the recent advances in bioretention system in treatment of urban stormwater and agricultural runoff for nitrogen removal. The microbial characteristics and main processes of nitrogen transformation in bioretention are reviewed. The operational conditions affecting nitrogen removal, including climatic conditions, pH, wet-dry alternation, influent loads and nitrogen concentration, and hydraulic residence time are discussed. Finally, measures or strategies for increasing nitrogen removal efficiency are proposed from the perspectives of structural improvement of the bioretention system, optimization of medium composition, and enhancement of the nitrogen removal reaction processes.
AB - As one of the low-impact development measures, bioretention plays an important role in reducing the runoff peak flow and minimizing runoff pollutants, such as heavy metals, suspended solids, and nutrients. However, the efficiency of nitrogen removal in the bioretention system is unstable, owing to the different chemical properties of various forms of nitrogen and the limitations of current bioretention system for nitrogen transformation. This review article summarizes the recent advances in bioretention system in treatment of urban stormwater and agricultural runoff for nitrogen removal. The microbial characteristics and main processes of nitrogen transformation in bioretention are reviewed. The operational conditions affecting nitrogen removal, including climatic conditions, pH, wet-dry alternation, influent loads and nitrogen concentration, and hydraulic residence time are discussed. Finally, measures or strategies for increasing nitrogen removal efficiency are proposed from the perspectives of structural improvement of the bioretention system, optimization of medium composition, and enhancement of the nitrogen removal reaction processes.
KW - Agricultural runoff
KW - Bioretention
KW - Biotransformation
KW - Denitrification
KW - Nitrogen removal
KW - Stormwater runoff
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85099413947&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s11356-020-12319-1
DO - 10.1007/s11356-020-12319-1
M3 - Review article
C2 - 33443738
AN - SCOPUS:85099413947
SN - 0944-1344
VL - 28
SP - 10519
EP - 10535
JO - Environmental Science and Pollution Research
JF - Environmental Science and Pollution Research
IS - 9
ER -