Autonomous Optical Navigation and Fusion Positioning Methods for Satellite Constellations

With the development of global navigation systems, satellite constellation autonomous navigation systems have encountered several challenges in practical applications, including the quality assessment of observational data and the effective integration of different data sources. To address the issue of observational data quality assessment, this paper proposes a satellite constellation autonomous optical navigation fusion positioning method. The method optimizes the data fusion process by establishing an observational data quality assessment mechanism. First, the relationship between system observability and observable quantities is analyzed. By assessing the observability of each set of observational data, corresponding weights are assigned to different observational data. Through a weighted fusion approach, all observational data are comprehensively utilized to accurately determine the satellite's position. Finally, simulation results of fusion positioning in a simulated low Earth orbit satellite constellation are presented, demonstrating the effectiveness of this method in improving positioning accuracy and dealing with poor observational conditions or suboptimal data quality.