Advances in the Synthesis of Zero-oxygen-balance Nitrogen-heterocyclic Energetic Materials

Based on the advantages of the molecular structure of the CO₂ zero-oxygen equilibrium nitrogen heterocyclic framework in the field of energetic materials, the research progress of the synthesis of CO₂ zero-oxygen balanced nitrogen heterocyclic framework energetic materials in the past decade was reviewed, which focuses on the synthesis methods, performance characteristics and application prospects of single-ring, bicyclic and fused-ring zero-oxygen balanced nitrogen heterocyclic frameworks. Through the reasonable introduction of nitro, nitroamide, amino and other energetic groups, a series of zero-oxygen equilibrium nitrogen heterocyclic energetic materials with excellent properties were synthesized from the relevant researchers, where the detonation performance of some compounds has exceeded that of traditional energetic materials such as RDX and HMX, and even approached or surpassed high-performance energetic materials such as CL-20. Finally, the challenges of current research and the prospects of future research directions were further analyzed, which points out that future research can be carried out from several aspects, such as the new structural design innovation, new process design and optimization, in-depth exploration of comprehensive performance and application exploration, etc.