TY - JOUR
T1 - A review of in-situ high-temperature characterizations for understanding the processes in metallurgical engineering
AU - Zhao, Yifan
AU - Li, Zhiyuan
AU - Li, Shijie
AU - Song, Weili
AU - Jiao, Shuqiang
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© University of Science and Technology Beijing 2024.
PY - 2024/11
Y1 - 2024/11
N2 - For the rational manipulation of the production quality of high-temperature metallurgical engineering, there are many challenges in understanding the processes involved because of the black box chemical/electrochemical reactors. To overcome this issue, various in-situ characterization methods have been recently developed to analyze the interactions between the composition, microstructure, and solid–liquid interface of high-temperature electrochemical electrodes and molten salts. In this review, recent progress of in-situ high-temperature characterization techniques is discussed to summarize the advances in understanding the processes in metallurgical engineering. In-situ high-temperature technologies and analytical methods mainly include synchrotron X-ray diffraction (s-XRD), laser scanning confocal microscopy, and X-ray computed microtomography (X-ray μ-CT), which are important platforms for analyzing the structure and morphology of the electrodes to reveal the complexity and variability of their interfaces. In addition, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, high-temperature Raman spectroscopy, and ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy provide microscale characterizations of the composition and structure of molten salts. More importantly, the combination of X-ray μ-CT and s-XRD techniques enables the investigation of the chemical reaction mechanisms at the two-phase interface. Therefore, these in-situ methods are essential for analyzing the chemical/electrochemical kinetics of high-temperature reaction processes and establishing the theoretical principles for the efficient and stable operation of chemical/electrochemical metallurgical processes.
AB - For the rational manipulation of the production quality of high-temperature metallurgical engineering, there are many challenges in understanding the processes involved because of the black box chemical/electrochemical reactors. To overcome this issue, various in-situ characterization methods have been recently developed to analyze the interactions between the composition, microstructure, and solid–liquid interface of high-temperature electrochemical electrodes and molten salts. In this review, recent progress of in-situ high-temperature characterization techniques is discussed to summarize the advances in understanding the processes in metallurgical engineering. In-situ high-temperature technologies and analytical methods mainly include synchrotron X-ray diffraction (s-XRD), laser scanning confocal microscopy, and X-ray computed microtomography (X-ray μ-CT), which are important platforms for analyzing the structure and morphology of the electrodes to reveal the complexity and variability of their interfaces. In addition, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, high-temperature Raman spectroscopy, and ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy provide microscale characterizations of the composition and structure of molten salts. More importantly, the combination of X-ray μ-CT and s-XRD techniques enables the investigation of the chemical reaction mechanisms at the two-phase interface. Therefore, these in-situ methods are essential for analyzing the chemical/electrochemical kinetics of high-temperature reaction processes and establishing the theoretical principles for the efficient and stable operation of chemical/electrochemical metallurgical processes.
KW - electrodes
KW - high-temperature electrochemistry
KW - in-situ characterization methods
KW - interfacial reaction
KW - molten salts
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85206100346&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s12613-024-2891-y
DO - 10.1007/s12613-024-2891-y
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85206100346
SN - 1674-4799
VL - 31
SP - 2327
EP - 2344
JO - International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials
JF - International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials
IS - 11
ER -