遥感法用于车辆实际道路行驶污染状况评估

In order to evaluate real-world driving emissions from in-use vehicles that meet various emission standards, real-world driving emissions from vehicles operating in Beijing were analyzed and assessed based on 165,000 sets of remote sensing data collected within Chaoyang District, Beijing from March to November 2013. The results indicated that, thanks to the introduction of new vehicle emission standards, the average exhaust concentrations of CO, HC and NO of in-use vehicles were reduced markedly. When the emission standard shifted from China I/II to China III, and from China III to China IV/V, the implementation of a stricter emission standard resulted in a reduction of 12%-15% in the average exhaust concentration of CO of in-use vehicles, while the average concentrations of HC and NO emissions decreased by 13% and 40% respectively. Compared to those in 2003, the average exhaust concentrations of CO, HC and NO of in-use vehicles in Beijing in 2013 decreased by 52.1%, 82.1% and 65.3% respectively, which justified the upgrading of standards as an effective emission purification method. It is recommended that future standards should strengthen the supervision of real-world driving emissions from in-use vehicles, encourage the phasing out and renewal of old models, and intensify the enforcement efforts and punishment of emission cheating behaviors.