空天飞行器仿生头锥多级形函数与变体性能及收益研究

To meet the performance requirements for flying in a vast space with a wide range of velocities，a bionic multistage-deflecting morphing nose cone，which draws inspiration from the abdomen of bees，is applied to an aerospace vehicle. In order to evaluate the performance and flight benefits of the morphing nose cone，a multistage wall shape function based on neutral axis mapping is proposed to accurately describe the complex geometric shape of the nose cone’s multistage deflection. The steady and unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of the morphing nose cone are then numerically analyzed in typical flight conditions using dynamic mesh technology. On this basis，a comprehensive evaluation of morphing performance and flight benefits is completed. The results show that the changes in the shape of the morphing nose cone can be accurately described by the proposed multistage wall shape function. The lift-drag ratio of the aerospace vehicle can be increased by 8% utilizing the morphing nose cone in hypersonic flight with a high angle of attack，while fine lift and drag characteristics can be maintained in subsonic and supersonic flight with a low angle of attack. The aerospace vehicle can obtain flight benefits through the bionic nose cone in various mission stages. The content of this paper can provide a valuable reference for the design of future morphing aerospace vehicles.