电池系统的故障特征以及多故障的诊断与识别

Lithium-ion battery systems with high specific energy are widely used in energy storage and power supplies. Fault diagnosis technology for battery systems is an important guarantee for safe and long-lasting operation. However, the chemical properties of lithium batteries are special, and the type of failure is difficult to identify, which increases the safety risk of the battery system. In order to improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis and type identification, and to improve the safety of battery systems, it is necessary to recognize the electrical, thermal and chemical characteristics when different faults occur. Herein, the aim of this review is to introduce the types of faults in battery system and to systematically summarize the electrical, thermal and chemical characteristics of battery system, including battery faults, connection faults and sensor faults. It is proposed that internal electrochemical parameters are key features to reliably discriminate between sensor faults and various battery faults, and that electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is an effective method to obtain internal characteristic parameters. In terms of the voltage fluctuation, current and voltage correlation coefficients are regarded as main factors to discriminate between sensor faults and connection faults. The special connection structure of the battery system can be used as an important means to distinguish between different faults.