球形爆炸冲击波正面作用下人体头部损伤规律的数值模拟

Due to the frequent occurrence of explosive events such as military operations, terrorist attacks, and industrial accidents, head injuries caused by blast shock waves have become one of the main injury forms. To clarify the law of shock wave damage and the threshold of shock wave damage to the head, the damage laws of different parts of the human brain caused by different shock wave incident pressures are studied. A three-dimensional finite element model of a male head with a height of 178 cm and a weight of 78 kg, consisting of skin, skull, cerebrospinal fluid, cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem, corpus callosum, and other tissues and organs was established, and the finite element model was verified by comparing the model with the Nahum experiment. Based on the Load Blast Enhanced-Arbitrary Lagrangian-Euleria (LBE ALE) method, a blast wave-head fluid-structure interaction model was established. Five feature points were selected along the midsagittal plane on the brain surface to analyze the damage to the head under the action of 8 incident shock waves of different overpressure. Under the action of the spherical blast wave, the skull disperses the shock wave to protect the brain tissue; the feature points on the front side of the coronal side are compressed, and the feature points on the rear side are pulled; when the overpressure of the incident shock wave is greater than 600 kPa, the pressure of the feature point close to the explosion source is larger, and the pressure of the feature point farther away from the explosion source is smaller; the critical value of the incident shock wave overpressure that causes 80% of the severe damage to the brain tissue is about 137 kPa. A basis for the safety evaluation of shock wave overpressure on the human head injury was provided.