氢燃料电池大客车全生命周期碳足迹：对“双碳”目标的贡献

Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have unique advantages in terms of carbon emissions. Studying the carbon emission reduction contribution of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles is of great significance in realizing the dual goals of “carbon peaking” and “carbon neutrality”. To evaluate the carbon emissions of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, this paper takes a typical hydrogen fuel cell bus as the research target, and carries out the Life Cycle Assessment of the CO₂ emissions from its production, use and recycling phases, and analyzes the carbon footprints during these life cycle stages. This paper investigates the impact of lightweight materials on the carbon footprint in the use phase, and focuses on the carbon emission of Pt, the main component of membrane electrodes, in the recycling phase. The results show that in the production stage, the carbon emissions from the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank as well as the fuel cell stack are more substantial, and the carbon emissions from the production of the whole vehicle reach 84550.90 kgCO₂eq; in the use stage, the use of lightweight materials can reduce the carbon emissions by about 30%; in the recycling stage, in addition to recycling the Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) battery as the bus storage battery, the recycling of the body, chassis, counterbalance and Pt, all make some contribution to carbon emission reduction, and the recycling stage ultimately can achieve a carbon emission reduction of 12308 kgCO₂eq.