机械压力对锂金属电池性能影响的研究进展

Lithium metal batteries are widely recognized as one of the most promising technical pathways for driving innovation in high-energy-density battery technology due to their extremely high theoretical energy density. In response to different electrolyte systems (liquid/solid), the different stress states and material characteristics within lithium metal batteries lead to distinct core challenges. In liquid electrolytes, the uncontrollable growth of lithium dendrites needs to be focused on, while in solid systems, the contact of solid-solid interfaces needs to be focused on first. This article systematically examines how external pressure and internal stress in lithium metal batteries with different electrolyte systems work together on the battery structure, thereby affecting its electrochemical performance and behavior. Through in-depth analysis, it reveals the key role of mechanical factors in promoting the improvement of battery performance. Finally, this article provides a comprehensive review and evaluation of the mechanical fixtures widely used in the current field of lithium metal battery research, summarizing the specific applications and effects of these tools in experimental research, aiming to provide strong technical support and theoretical guidance for the continuous development and commercialization process of lithium metal battery technology.