异型陶瓷负泊松比复合结构的防弹防爆性能数值模拟研究

Due to their exceptional mechanical properties, negative Poisson's ratio structures are extensively utilized in explosion and penetration resistance applications. This paper proposes a composite structure based on negative Poisson's ratio, tailored to modern operational protection requirements. The structure comprises three primary functional layers designed to enhance both penetration and explosion resistance perspectives. The response characteristics of the structure under explosive environments and projectile penetration were explored using finite element simulation methods. The protection mechanism was analyzed, and a parameter optimization scheme was devised. The effects of various parameters, including the minimum thickness of the ceramic layer, the longitudinal honeycomb number of the negative Poisson's ratio structure, the concave hexagonal angle, the thickness of the steel plate, and the thickness of the polyurea layer, on the structure's anti-knock and anti-elastic properties were thoroughly investigated. Specific Energy Absorption (SEA), penetration depth, and center point displacement were utilized to assess the protective capabilities of the composite structure. The findings indicated that the thickness of the ceramic layer had the most significant impact on penetration resistance, whereas the explosion resistance was predominantly influenced by the thickness of the polyurea layer and the longitudinal honeycomb number within the negative Poisson's ratio structure. By reducing the surface density and adjusting each parameter value, we obtained the optimal design scheme for anti-explosion and anti-penetration composite structures, achieving optimal comprehensive performance with low surface density and high-strength protection. Compared to traditional composite protective structures, the negative Poisson's ratio composite structure exhibits more efficient explosion-proof and ballistic capabilities. It effectively enhances the protective capacity of the composite structure through adjustments in key parameters such as the minimum thickness of the ceramic layer, the longitudinal honeycomb number of the negative Poisson ratio layer, and the thickness of the polyurea layer. Moreover, it achieves these improvements with minimal surface density increase, thereby enhancing energy absorption efficiency per unit surface density of the structure.