多孔框架材料固定化酶研究进展

Metal-organic framework materials (MOFs) and covalent organic framework materials (COFs) are excellent carriers for enzyme immobilization because of their porous properties, large specific surface area, controllable structure, adjustable pore, designed framework and easy functionalization. In this paper, the structure, properties and functionalization methods of MOFs and COFs were briefly introduced, and following that, the latest research progresses of the two materials in the field of enzyme immobilization were reviewed and compared. MOFs and COFs have one-, two- and three- dimensional structures, among which three-dimensional and a small amount of two-dimensional structures show porosity. For MOFs, the functional groups can be introduced to the surface of the support by various methods including premodification, in-situ modification and post-synthetic modification, and enzyme can be immobilized by encapsulation, pore diffusion or surface attachment, so that a large variety of enzymes have been attempted to immobilize on them. For COFs, the functional groups were mainly introduced through post-synthesis modification and enzymes were immobilized by pore diffusion or surface attachment method. Finally, it was pointed out that MOFs had poor water or acid-base stability, the preparation conditions of COFs were harsh, and the reusability of the immobilized enzymes on MOFs and COFs was not satisfying. We should explore more effective modification strategies to improve the stability of MOFs, develop safer preparation methods of COFs, and improve reusability of the immobilized enzymes in the future.