基 于 纳 米 光 子 学 的 光 流 控 生 物 传 感 器

Optofluidic sensors are miniaturized devices that integrate photonics with microfluidic technology for label-free molecular detection and real-time analysis. These sensors offer remarkable advantages, including high specificity, high sensitivity, and low detection limits. Nanophotonic structures composed of metallic or dielectric materials confine light at the nanoscale, generating enhanced electromagnetic near-fields that effectively amplify molecular signals. Meanwhile, microfluidics facilitates biological sample preprocessing and precise spatial alignment of electromagnetic hotspots with analytes, further strengthening light-matter interactions. This review focuses primarily on the advancements in nanophotonic-based optofluidic biosensors for signal enhancement and molecular detection, while also providing insights into their future development prospects.