基于参数联合优化的近地小行星天基协同监测构型设计

Space-based monitoring of near-Earth asteroids is an effective means to make up for the shortcomings of ground-based monitoring. Aiming at the problem of collaborative monitoring configuration design using multiple types of orbits，a design method based on joint optimization of multiple coupling parameters is proposed，focusing on solving the problems of time-consuming monitoring simulation and uncertain optimization problem dimensions. First，to speed up the calculation of large-scale asteroid orbit propagation，an approximate analytical solution of asteroid orbit propagation is derived based on the Koopman operator. Then，an approximate model of the scanning strategy is constructed，which integrates global coarse scanning with local fine scanning，significantly reducing the number of orbital propagation calculations in monitoring simulation. Finally，a redundant planning technology that reserves sufficient scale solution space and sets activation operators is proposed to solve the problem of uncertain decision variable dimensions caused by changes in the number of telescopes. The simulation results show that the proposed method can realize the optimal design of multi-type orbit collaborative monitoring configurations. The developed orbit analytical propagation and simplified scanning model can reduce the monitoring simulation time from 22 hours to about 10 seconds. In addition，results indicate that compared with single-type orbit collaborative monitoring，multi-type orbit heterogeneous collaborative monitoring can significantly improve the asteroid discovery rate.